Questões de Inglês do ano 2018 do ENEM

1984 (excerpt)

‘Is it your opinion, Winston, that the past has real existence?' [...] O'Brien smiled faintly. ‘I will put it more precisely. Does the past exist concretely, in space? Is there somewhere or other a place, a world of solid objects, where the past is still happening?'

‘No.'

‘Then where does the past exist, if at all?'

‘In records. It is written down.'

‘In records. And-------?'

‘In the mind. In human memories.'

‘In memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?'

ORWELL, G. Nineteen Eighty-Four. New York: SignetClassics, 1977.

O romance 1984 descreve os perigos de um Estado totalitário. A ideia evidenciada nessa passagem é que o controle do Estado se dá por meio do(a)

TEXTO I

A Free World-class Education for Anyone Anywhere

The Khan Academy is an organization on a mission. We're a not-for-profit with the goal of changing education for the better by providing a free world-class education to anyone anywhere. All of the site's resources are available to anyone. The Khan Academy's materials and resources are available to you completely free of charge.

Disponível em: www.khanacademy.org. Acesso em: 24fev. 2012 (adaptado).

TEXTO II

I didn't have a problem with Khan Academy site until very recently. For me, the problem is the way Khan Academy is being promoted. The way the media sees it as “revolutionizing education”. The way people with power and money view education as simply “sit-and-get”. If your philosophy of education is “sit-and-get”, i.e., teaching is telling and learning is listening, then Khan Academy is way more efficient than classroom lecturing. Khan Academy does it better. But TRUE progressive educators, TRUE education visionaries and revolutionaries don't want to do these things better. We want to DO BETTER THINGS.

Disponível em: http://fnoschese.wordpress.com. Acesso em: 2 mar. 2012.

Com o impacto das tecnologias e a ampliação das redes sociais, consumidores encontram na internet possibilidades de opinar sobre serviços oferecidos. Nesse sentido, o segundo texto, que é um comentário sobre o site divulgado no primeiro, apresenta a intenção do autor de

Don't write in English, they said,

English is not your mother tongue...

...The language I speak

Becomes mine, its distortions, its queerness

All mine, mine alone, it is half English, half

Indian, funny perhaps, but it is honest,

It is as human as I am human...

...It voices my joys, my longings my

Hopes...

(Kamala Das, 1965:10)

GARGESH, R. South Asian Englishes. In: KACHRU, B. B; KACHRU, Y.; NELSON, C. L. (Eds.). The Handbook of World Englishes. Singapore: Blackwell, 2006.

A poetisa Kamala Das, como muitos escritores indianos, escreve suas obras em inglês, apesar de essa não ser sua primeira língua. Nesses versos, ela

No cartum, a crítica está no fato de a sociedade exigir do adolescente que

Lava Mae: Creating Showers on Wheels for the Homeless

San Francisco, according to recent city numbers, has 4,300 people living on the streets. Among the many problems the homeless face is little or no access to showers. San Francisco only has about 16 to 20 shower stalls to accommodate them.

But Doniece Sandoval has made it her mission to change that. The 51-year-old former marketing executive started Lava Mae, a sort of showers on wheels, a new project that aims to turn decommissioned city buses into shower stations for the homeless. Each bus will have two shower stations and Sandoval expects that they'll be able to provide 2,000 showers a week.

ANDREANO, C. Disponível em: http://abcnews.go.com. Acesso em: 26jun. 2015 (adaptado).

A relação dos vocábulos shower, bus e homeless, no texto, refere-se a