Questões de Inglês do ano 2012 do ENEM

Ebonics

The word ebonics is made up of two words. Ebony, which means black and phonics, which refers to sound. It is a systematic rule-governed natural speech that is consistent as any other language in sentence structure. This is referred to as syntax. What makes this speech pattern uniquely different to “so called” American Standard English is its verb tense or lack of it. An example of this can be seen in the sentence, “He is sick today”. This same sentence translated in ebonics would read, “He sick today”. As you can see the verb has been omitted. However, this speech pattern is consistently used. Major controversy has arisen whether or not ebonics is a separate language or simply a dialect. In doing my research, I have found that most linguists take the position that ebonics is a dialect. What distinguishes dialect from language is that in dialect two speakers share most or some of the same vocabulary and is recognizable and understandable. In contrast, separate languages are present only when the inability to communicate verbally occurs.

Disponível em: www.writework.com. Acesso em: 17 ago. 2011 (adaptado)

A linguística é a ciência que se interessa pela linguagem humana em seus mais diferentes aspectos, e assim nos ajuda a pensar sobre a diversidade cultural e linguística. Nesse texto, a questão da diversidade linguística é discutida por meio

Our currency

Australia was the first country in the world to have a complete system of bank notes made from plastic (polymer). These notes provide much greater security against counterfeiting. They also last four times as long as conventional paper (fibrous) notes.

The innovative technology with which Australian bank notes are produced — developed entirely in Australia — offers artists brilliant scope for the creation of images that reflect the history and natural environment of Australia. At the same time, the polymer notes are cleaner than paper notes and easily recyclable. Australia's currency comprises coins of 5, 10, 20 and 50 cent and one and two dollar denominations; and notes of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 dollar denominations.

AUSTRALIA GOVERNMENT. About Australia. Disponível em: www.newzealand.com. Acesso em: 7 dez. 2011.

O governo da Austrália, por meio de seu Departamento de Assuntos Estrangeiros, divulga inovações tecnológicas desse país. Associando as informações apresentadas na busca pelo tema, percebe-se que o texto se refere

Scared fit

My body was telling me things I did not want to hear. In February 2010, my doctor confirmed what my body was telling me. My not feeling well was a result of years of neglecting my body and diet. At 62, I had developed high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and my cholesterol was going through the roof. At 4' 10” and weighing 227 pounds, the problem was in the mirror looking back at me. My doctor said, “lose weight, start eating healthy, and start exercising if you want to live to a ripe old age”. Needless to say, I was scared I wouldn't see my grandkids and great-grandkids grow up.

PAZ, A. Disponível em: www.healthandfitnessmag.com. Acesso em: 28 fev. 2012.

No texto Scared fit, que relata a experiência de Amanda de la Paz relacionada aos cuidados com a saúde, a palavra scared faz referência ao seu medo de

Home is where the heart is

The heart of psychosocial care is to be found in the home and it is here that the main trust of external efforts to improve the wellbeing of vulnerable children must be directed. The best way to support the wellbeing of young children affected by HIV/AIDS is to strengthen and reinforce the circles of care that surround children. Some children — especially those living outside families, on the streets or institutions, with chronically ill caregivers, and orphans — are more vulnerable and especially require psychosocial care and support. However, this social support needs to be provided in family settings, with the same characteristics of commitment, stability, and individualized affectionate care. The primary aim of all psychosocial support programmes should be an encouraging and enabling family support, including foster care, and placing and maintaining young children in stable and affectionate family environments. Only secondarily should direct services be provided to affected children.

RICHTER, L.; FOSTER, G.; SHERR, L. W here the heart is: meeting the psychosocial needs of young children in the context of HIV/AIDS. Holanda: Bernard van Leer Foundation, 2006 (adaptado).

Ao tratar dos problemas psicossociais dos portadores do vírus HIV/AIDS, o texto argumenta que

BELL, D. Disponível em: www.candorville.com. Acesso em: 29 fev. 2012.

Com base nas informações verbais e no contexto social da tirinha, infere-se que o cliente